The report presents the main outcomes of a study on ‘The use of AI in legal drafting.’
The study was funded by the European Commission and executed in 2025 by the University of Bologna.
Its main aims were to carry-out several proofs of concept of using hybrid AI, in combination with Akoma Ntoso XML (AKN-XML), in drafting EU legislation, and their integration in LEOS using micro-services.
The study should moreover Address the full complexity of legal drafting.
Contribute to building trust in the use of AI, and Illustrate the importance and the potential of the use of AI.
The study work has been conducted in cooperation with the DG-Informatics, European Commission Unit A3 HR and Legislative Solutions.
It is also part of the ERC “Hyperdimensional Modelling of the Legal System in Digital Society” (HyperModeLex) Grant agreement ID: 101055185 and of the Erasmus+ Jean Monnet “Legal Design and Data Science for Explicable AI in Legal Domain” (LEDS 4 XAIL) Grant No. 101085576
European Commission: Directorate-General for Digital Services, Palmiran, M., Corazza, M., Longo, G. and Sapienza, S., Hybrid AI to enhance legal drafting with LEOS – Summary technical report, Publications Office of the European Union, 2025, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2799/1298773
